早在 1984 年，Bryant 和 Veroff 就提出，人们在面对消极事件时，会采取相应的认知和调节方法来调整自己的消极体验，所以当面对积极事件时，人们也应该会使用一定的认知和调节方法来调整自己的积极体验。2007 年，Bryant 和 Veroff 就界定了品味的概念：品味是指人们引起、欣赏和增强积极体验的能力以及以这种能力为基础的加工过程。品味强调了我们要主动去面对积极体验，而不是被动地接受积极体验，并且要设法延续和增强积极事件所带来的积极体验。

品味方式量表用来测量人们使用品味策略的情况。品味方式量表是由 Bryant 在 2007年编制，该量表包含 10 个维度，总共 60 个条目，均采用正向计分。Bryant 和 Veroff 指出虽然还有其它的品味方式，但是该量表包含了人们所使用的主要的品味策略，是一个测量品味方式比较有效工具。潘琼翼(2012)修订了该量表中文版，修订后的量表一共有 26 个条目，分为与人分享、自我满足、行为表达、记忆建构、即逝意识和避免扫兴 6 个维度。量表采用七点计分，内部一致性系数为 0.903。

品味策略指增强和延续积极情绪的方法，Bryant 和 Veroff(2007)总结出人们面对积极事件时所使用的 10 种主要品味策略，其中有 3 种为行为策略，7 种为认知策略。
行为策略：
1.与人分享(sharing with others)，和身边的人分享自己的积极体验以及积极的情绪
2.沉浸专注(absorption)，完全投入在当下，不去思考其它的事情，细细品味当下的积极事件和情绪
3.行为表达(behavioral expression)，讲自己的情绪通过外在肢体、表情等表现出来，不压抑和克制自己的外在行为
认知策略：
1.对比(Comparing)，进行向下比较，将自己的经历与比自己更糟糕的人或者自己之前更差的状况进行比较。
2.感知锐化(sensory-perceptual sharpening)，排除其它的无关干扰，将注意力集中在某一个感觉中，投入其中
3.记忆建构(memory building)，将遇到的美好事情或图像在大脑中保存下来，方便之后回忆或分享给别人
4.自我激励(self-congratulation)，提醒自己很棒，鼓励自己关注自己的优点，为自己的成就所高兴
5.当下意识(temporal awareness)，提醒自己时间流逝飞快，要好好享受在当下的美好时光中
6.细数幸运(counting blessing)，珍惜自己现在拥有的东西，提醒自己的幸运之处。
7.避免扼杀愉悦的想法(avoiding kill-joy thinking)，当遇到积极事件时，避免自己产生阻碍积极情绪的想法，比如“我论文写得很糟糕，画画好不算什么”

品味方式量表(The Ways of Savoring Checklist，WOSC)

1、请回忆你最近获得的积极体验，并描述当时的情景：

2、请您根据实际情况进行等级评估，根据所给出的特征从1到7进行等级评定：
1=完全不符合；2=有些不符合；3=有点不符合；4=居于中间；5=有点符合；6=有些符合；7=完全符合

1.我想事后与他人分享这段美好记忆
2.我提醒自己，我已经花了很长时间等待这个时刻的来临。
3.我提醒自己，这一刻是多么的短暂——想到它将结束。
4.我又蹦又跳，跑或者显示其他的肢体表达的能力。
5.我提醒自己，我是多么的幸运有这样的好事情发生在自己身上。
6.我期望与他人分享此事。
7.我思考事后如何让自己回忆这件事情。
8.我提醒自己，这件事情是何等的令人欣慰。
9.我开怀大笑或者咯咯的笑。
10.我认为自己如此幸运，因为有这么多好事情发生在自己身上。
11.我告诉其他人，我是多么的重视此时此刻（他们可以与我一起分享它)。
12.我告诉自己．我是多么的自豪。
13.我提醒自己，美好的事情可能在我不知不觉中结束。
14.我进行祈祷，感谢我的好运气。
15.我明确地标记事情的具体细节，试图明确地发现我所享受和关注事件的各个方面。
16.我用叹气或者其他赞赏的语言帮助自己品味这一刻(例如说嗯，嗡嗡声或吹口哨)。
17.我告诉自己，事情没有我所期望的那样好。
18.我拍下快乐片刻的“心理照片”。
19.我想这是一次胜利。
20.我认为时间过得很快。
21.我尖叫或者其他的兴奋的言语表达。
22.我提醒自己，我随该去其它地方或者我应该做其它事情来代替。
23.我设法记住自己所处的环境。
24.我告诉自己，我值得拥有这样的好事情。
25.我触摸自己——揉胃，拍手等等。
26.我思考悬在我心头的其它事情，我仍然需要面对问题和忧虑

1.I thought about sharing the memory of this later with other people.
2.I tried to take in every sensory property of theevent (sights, sounds, smells, etc.).
3.I reminded myself how long I had waited for this to happen.
4.I reminded myself how transient this moment was thought about it ending,
5.I jumped up and down, ran around, or showed other physical expressions of energy.
6.I thought back to events that led up to it-to a timewhen I didn't have it and wanted it.
7.I tried to focus on certain sensory properties inparticular (perhaps blocking out others).
8.I thought only about the present-got absorbed inthe moment.
9.I reminded myself how lucky I was to have this good thing happen to me.
10.I told myself why I didn't deserve this good thing
11.I looked for other people to share it with.
12.I thought about how I'd reminisce to myself about this event later.
13.I reminded myself what a relief it was.
14.I thought how I wished this moment could lastreminded myself how I must enjoy it now becauseit would soon be over.
15.I laughed or giggled.
16.I thought about ways in which it could have beenworse.
17.I opened my eyes wide and took a deep breath tried to become more alert.
18.I closed my eyes, relaxed, took in the moment.
19.I thought about what a lucky person I am that so many good things have happened to me.
20.I thought about ways in which it could have beenbetter.
21.I expressed to others present how much I valued the moment (and their being there to share it with me)
22.I consciously reflected on the situation-took indetails,tried torememberthem,madecomparisons
23.I told myself how proud I was.
24.I reminded myself that it would be over before I knew it.
25.I tried to speed up and move more quickly.
26.I focused on the future-on a time when this goodevent would be over.
27.I tried to slow down and move more slowly (in an effort to stop or slow down time).
28.I made myself relax so that I could become moreabsorbed in the event or activity.
29.I said a prayer of thanks for my good fortune.
30.I withdrew and inhibited my feelings (stiffened up).
31.I hung around with others who know how to have agood time.
32.I labeled specific details of the situation explicitly_tried to find out what it was that I was enjoying and note each aspect explicitly.
33.I told myself how impressed others must be.
34.I reminded myself that nothing lasts forever somust enjoy this now.
35.I sighed or made other verbal sounds of appreciation to help myself savor the moment
36.I reminded myself that others who were involved in the event were alsothinking and feeling the same way
37.I concentrated and blocked out distractions; I intensified one sense by blocking another
38.I just went through the experience one moment at atime and tried not to look too far ahead.
39.I told myself how it wasn't as good as I'd hoped for
40.1 physically expressed my feelings to others(hugging, touching)
41.I took mental photographs
42.I thought about what a triumph it was
43.I thought about how fast the time was passing
44.I screamed or made other verbal expressions of excitement
45.I compared myself to others (asked myself 'Am I enjoying this as much as they are?")
46.I reminded myself of other places I should be or of other things I should be doing instead
47.I talked to another person about how good I felt.
48.I tried to memorize my surroundings
49.I told myself why I deserved this good thing.
50.I touched myself rubbed my stomach, clapped my hands, etc
51.I made associations with other past pleasant events and reminded myself ofthem
52.I thought about other things that were hanging over me, problems and worries that I still had to face
53.I took photographs with a camera to capture the experience
54.I thought about what a good time I was having
55.I thought about how things might never be this good again
56.I thought about things that made me feel guilty
57.I thought or did something entirely different fromlany of the above. (Please describe).
58.I got high or intoxicated to help me enjoy it.
59.I imagined a whole sequence of good events that could arise as a consequence of this event.
60.I tried not to think too much-just relaxed and enjoyed.