虽然经济不平等能够激发个体对财富和社会地位的渴求, 但也可能使人在不公平的社会竞争中选择消极应对, 甚至直接选择“躺平” (叶文璐, 2023)。近年来, “躺平”一词从网络流行语已经慢慢转变为具有学术价值的心理学概念, 受到学界关注, 它一般指当今社会中的个体特别是青年人在社会压力之下不愿努力改变现状, 而是选择被动逃避、放弃努力甚至想要退出社会生活的心态与行为倾向(熊钰, 2022; Lu et al., 2023)。 对躺平倾向进行系统性的研究, 当前进展还并不充分, 不过从更广泛的视角来看, 不同时代也常出现与躺平相似的亚文化现象, 例如英国的“尼特族” (NEET, Not in Education, Employment or Training), 指那些不在校、不就业、也不接受职业培训的青年人群(戴西伦, 2022; Lu et al., 2023)。“尼特族”与躺平倾向在行为表现上相似, 但“尼特族”更多源自于在教育与就业方面受到限制而被动形成的群体, 而躺平倾向反映了人们对社会竞争压力的某种主动沉默与消极应对(戴西伦, 2022; Lu et al., 2023)。习得性无助理论(learned helplessness theory)可以在一定程度上解释躺平倾向, 即当个体反复遭遇来自环境中的负面反馈或挫折体验后, 会认为自己无论怎样努力都无法改变境遇, 进而导致动机的衰退和行为的迟滞(Seligman & Maier, 1967)。

The internal consistency test of the LFTS was conducted, and the results showed that the Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.819, indicating that the reliability of the scale was good.

躺平倾向量表（ “Lying Flat” Tendency Scale, LFTS）

以下6道题是关于躺平倾向的陈述。在1到4的范围内，1代表"非常不符合"，4代表"非常符合"，请根据你的实际情况作答。

非常不符合
不太符合
比较符合
非常符合

我在生活和学习方面没有任何目标或追求。
我觉得仅靠个人努力很难改变任何事情，所以我选择放弃挣扎。
我做什么事情都不努力。

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英文版

“Lying Flat” Tendency Scale, LFTS

4-point scale, with 1 indicating “very inconsistent”, 2 indicating “a bit inconsistent”, 3 indicating “more consistent”, and 4 indicating “very consistent.” The higher the score, the higher the tendency for “lying flat.”

Q1 I do not have any goals and pursuits for life and study.
Q2 I feel that it is hard to change anything with my personal efforts, so I choose to give up the struggle.
Q3 I don’t work hard at anything.
Q4 I am always reluctant to do those things that require effort to accomplish.
Q5 I often finish what I should do perfunctorily.
Q6 I am satisfied with my current state and don’t want to get involved in any competition to prove myself.

adopted a random sampling method and collected a total of 607 questionnaires. All subjects were young Chinese in the age group of 18–25 years: 374 males, 233 females.
“lying flat” tendency 11.05±3.67

参考文献：
Lu H, Hou J, Huang A, et al. Development and validation of the “Lying Flat” Tendency Scale for the youth[J]. Behavioral Sciences, 2023, 13(11): 915.
茆家焱,杨沈龙,田彩玉.想成功又想躺平:经济不平等引发的冲突后效及其作用机制[J].心理学报, 2026, 58(2):247-263.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2026.0247.
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